{"id":7245,"date":"2026-05-21T16:01:21","date_gmt":"2026-05-21T15:01:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.andrewhope.co.uk\/Blog\/?p=7245"},"modified":"2026-07-21T21:38:35","modified_gmt":"2026-07-21T20:38:35","slug":"fabrication-of-my-home-cnc-machine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.andrewhope.co.uk\/Blog\/fabrication-of-my-home-cnc-machine\/","title":{"rendered":"Building a home CNC machine"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Disclaimer<\/strong>:<em> This page contains affiliate links. Predominantly as an an eBay Partner Affiliate, Google Adsense and Amazon Affililate and as a member of other affiliate networks. If you choose to make a purchase after clicking a link, I earn from qualifying purchases and may receive a commission at no additional cost to you.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Whilst physically (or in my head), I&#8217;ve always got a project on the go in some stage, I&#8217;m making more of a push to focus on projects that I can use to develop my home business. I&#8217;ve written previously the end goal for this website is to develop product I can sell, plus also fabrication of items for home projects.<\/p>\n<p>Whilst I was debating about what to buy, I&#8217;ve decided currently I&#8217;m going to focus of making my own 3 Axis CNC machine DIY style<\/p>\n<p>This is going to be a long term project over several months which I&#8217;ll use for education to teach myself, and for further development. As once I get the equipment and knowledge, I&#8217;ll be looking into building a bigger machine overall in a dedicated workshop with a larger working capacity (the end goal being a multi-axis machine &#8211; at least 5), with a work area of something like 8ft x 4ft x 2ft in capacity for some extremely large items.<\/p>\n<p>This CNC machine I&#8217;m working on making currently, will have a capacity of approx 500x500x100. I&#8217;m limited by space, but I also want to keep it as small as possible, as the projects I need it for presently won&#8217;t be large. It&#8217;s more about something I can start up quickly to earn me some money. I have the website, I can get the store up and running quickly once I make the products. A home CNC would allow me to make simple moulds out of aluminium for when I make my injection moulding machine<\/p>\n<p>Onto the article. As a warning note, this article will be full of affiliate links in order to support this project, and any future projects or articles that I decide to write. As I have an OK paying job, but real life priorities always come first to me, so any extra money I earn via this website goes towards my future projects.<\/p>\n<p>I recently wrote that I deposited \u00a3700 from a Business fund in order to purchase supplies for my home Business to develop it. So I&#8217;ve listed them all below with the costs. I was initially going to look at getting a Resin printer and doing some moulds to sell, but I need to look at ventilation, as apparently resin printers give off nasty fumes. A CNC is a machine, it&#8217;s basic electronics, and most of the components are already pre assembled, you just have to hook them up and power them which is why I went this way.<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;ve given a breakdown of all the costs and items I purchased below so far, I opted for the more expensive stuff first purely because it gets it out the way and I only need to get smaller things then. As this will also help others looking at doing a project this way and approximately how much you&#8217;d have to pay<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Items I&#8217;ve purchased so far for my home CNC<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/4a1WyyB\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">RATTNMOTOR 2.2KW VFD and 24K rpm CNC Spindle and Bracket<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/4wJiGre\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">ER20 Collets (15 pieces) &#8211; 1mm to 13mm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/4v1Nlyu\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">ER20A Collet Spanner<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ebay.co.uk\/itm\/376788619233?mkcid=1&amp;mkrid=710-53481-19255-0&amp;siteid=3&amp;campid=5339154141&amp;customid=&amp;toolid=10001&amp;mkevt=1\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">Stepperonline (4 Axis CNC Kit)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ebay.us\/lBUvFH\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">10 Pack &#8211; 20&#215;20 Aluminium 1m extrusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ebay.us\/rPdzvP\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">5mm Steel bars<\/a> (to reinforce extrusion)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ebay.us\/KWUz35\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">10 Pack &#8211; Microswitches<\/a> (for end stops)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ebay.us\/OlUQNM\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">T-Nuts 6mm<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ebay.us\/AvfhuJ\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">3-Way extrusion connectors<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/4nE3vLW\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">Right angle extrusion connectors<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/4uphaIy\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored \">SFU1605 500mm Ball Screw Kits<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Current spend total : <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u00a3688.70<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n<table id=\"tablepress-75\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-75\">\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<th class=\"column-1\">ITEM<\/th><th class=\"column-2\">PRICE<\/th><th class=\"column-3\">QTY PURCHASED<\/th><th class=\"column-4\">SUB-TOTAL<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">2.2kw VFD and Spindle<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00a3234.10<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">1<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">\u00a3234.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">4 Axis CNC Kit<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00a3208.00<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">1<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">\u00a3208.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">15 Pieces ER20 Collect<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00a318.97<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">1<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">\u00a318.97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">ER20A Spanner<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00a38.79<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">1<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">\u00a38.79<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">10pk 20x20 extrusion<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00a350.00<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">1<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">\u00a350.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">5mm (1m) steel rod<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00a33.99<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">1<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">\u00a325.14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-8\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Microswitches (10pk)<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00a36.56<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">2<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">\u00a313.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-9\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Extrusion connectors<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00a39.64<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">1<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">\u00a39.64<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-10\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">Right angle connectors<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00a315.99<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">1<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">\u00a315.99<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-11\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\">500mm Ball Screw Kit<\/td><td class=\"column-2\">\u00a334.99<\/td><td class=\"column-3\">3<\/td><td class=\"column-4\">\u00a3104.97 (TO ADD)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-12\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><\/td><td class=\"column-4\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-13\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><\/td><td class=\"column-4\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-14\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><\/td><td class=\"column-4\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-15\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><\/td><td class=\"column-2\"><\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><\/td><td class=\"column-4\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Items still to purchase<\/strong><\/span> (off the top of my head and more when I research!)<\/p>\n<p>I don&#8217;t need a PC as I&#8217;ve got a few spares lying around I can use if needed.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>3 Axis CNC Controller (not sure yet, maybe Mach3 or Duet HC)<\/li>\n<li>4 Core signal and control cable (CY cable) &#8211; around 3m?<\/li>\n<li>Sine Wave inverter Generator (around 8kw &#8211; 32a on 230v) (I only have 1 x 13A feed to my workshop\/shed), so going to run dedicated for clean power<\/li>\n<li>Power conditioner maybe (something rotary can&#8217;t remember the name)<\/li>\n<li>Z Axis Clamp<\/li>\n<li>Linear Rails (500mm) for X, Y and Z Axis<\/li>\n<li>Polycarbonate shielding (3-4mm) for the viewing<\/li>\n<li>Cooling fluid + pumps + tank<\/li>\n<li>Table bed platform<\/li>\n<li>Calibration dial (run out gauge) to keep rails in line<\/li>\n<li>Clamps<\/li>\n<li>Gantry chains<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Why did I go with 20&#215;20 extrusion?<\/h2>\n<p>This was purely because I already had some, as I was planning on using it for a IT equipment rack anyway and it was cheap enough. Realistically though I don&#8217;t believe (or rather I know?) this won&#8217;t be strong enough. Physically it may be enough for the machine, however one of the common problems on milling machines is the Z-Axis gantry is trying to force itself upwards, when the motor pushes downwards. Using 20&#215;20 extrusion only seems to be reocmmended at around 300mm of span on the gantry. After this you need larger components<\/p>\n<h2>So why am I still using 20&#215;20 extrusion for my CNC?<\/h2>\n<p>Simply put because I already had it, and this is an experiment to learn from. I also modified the size of the CNC design in order to minimise flex, and looking at strengthening the gantry in other ways. Normally Z-Axis gantries on home CNC if using extrusions are built around 40&#215;40 or 80&#215;20 extrusion in order to minimise flex. In order to improve this, my line of thinking is the following.<\/p>\n<p>Rather than have a 1M bed, I&#8217;m going to reduce the size of the area to 500&#215;500 or there abouts. This will reduce the overall span of the gantry. Additionally to this, I plan on reinforcing the central section of the aluminium extrusion using a 5mm steel rod down the middle, which should hopefully reduce the flex. The sections are 1m long, so can cut them in half with a chop saw or angle grinder to make them 500mm in length. If that isn&#8217;t enough I&#8217;m also going to be adding some frame braces to stiffen it a bit more.<\/p>\n<p>Finally on top of this. As an experiment, I also plan on spanning the extrusions (either on top of each other as a 40&#215;20), or a hybrid in a sense of 20&#215;20 (reinforced) + 40&#215;20 gap + 20&#215;20 (reinforced). So the Z-Axis has to push two forces apart at a different spanning distance. As the load is spread out this further reduces the force it can exert (I think!)<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;m not sure on this but and think realistically it won&#8217;t do much, but it&#8217;s worth a try with what I have so far. If that all fails, I will fork out a around \u00a3400 for some larger extrusion pieces, and look to reinforce them with an Epoxy Granite or Concrete mixture in order to strengthen then and dampen some resonance.<\/p>\n<h2>Why a generator for home CNC?<\/h2>\n<p>This is basically because my home shed\/workshop, only runs off 13A, so maximium available power to me (assuming an 0.80 PFC) ratio, means I have around 2.4kw available to me.\u00a0 I&#8217;m unsure how much power both the spindle and VFD will draw in combination, so plan on simply using a generator to power both equipment. As this will only be used sporadically by me anyway it doesn&#8217;t matter that I&#8217;m running a generator. The VFD is a 2.2kw model, and same for the brushless spindle. I figure they&#8217;re going to pull the best part of 3.5kw (if not more)<\/p>\n<h2>Generators are dirty power aren&#8217;t they?<\/h2>\n<p>I believe so, equipment can be sensitive to generators, however I plan on buying a 7-8kw generator that uses an inverter to stabilise the voltage given out which is better for equipment. I&#8217;m working on around \u00a3700 for the generator, as 7-8kw is probably the region I&#8217;ll need for any other future things I can&#8217;t think of. The generators have a higher rating than this, but they&#8217;re &#8220;rated&#8221; for 7kw continously, and higher amounts in short burst. This means I can continously run the CNC machine until I run out of fuel. Which means as long as it&#8217;s topped up, I&#8217;m good to keep milling. Plus the added benefit of the generator is that I can run a Plasma Cutter \/ Welder from it when needed too. At a later date I&#8217;d prefer to build my own and customise to my liking, however my shed is really small so space is limited.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Disclaimer: This page contains affiliate links. Predominantly as an an eBay Partner Affiliate, Google Adsense and Amazon Affililate and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wprm-recipe-roundup-name":"","wprm-recipe-roundup-description":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[928],"tags":[2907,2910,2908,2909,2911],"class_list":["post-7245","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-projects","tag-cnc-diy","tag-cnc-spindles","tag-home-cnc-machine","tag-rattnmotor-cnc","tag-vfd-spindles"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Disclaimer: This page contains affiliate links. 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